It activates GLP-1R (class B GPCR) to stimulate Gs-cAMP-PKA signaling in pancreatic beta cells for glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppress appetite through hypothalamic GLP-1R activation, and slow gastric emptying via vagal pathways
Eventually, a buildup of oxidative stress can cause permanent damage and may lead to things like heart disease and cancer.74 Antioxidants have free electrons that they donate to those oxygen molecules, taming them and allowing the body to repair damage.74 There are thousands of antioxidant compounds, but things like omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins C and E, polyphenols, and carotenoids are potent antioxidants
It is also one of the three actives in the Peptual transdermal patch he endorses, alongside BPC-157 and NAD+: BPC-157: ~2000 mcg NAD+: ~250 mg GHK-Cu: ~10 mg The patch combines tissue repair (BPC-157), cellular energy (NAD+), and collagen synthesis (GHK-Cu) in a sustained-release format (source)
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 19(S9), S681S682
What to Expect Over Time Weeks 12: Decrease in inflammation and discomfort Early improvements in digestion and gut comfort (oral form) Weeks 36: Improved tissue repair and mobility Enhanced recovery and energy levels Weeks 612+: Long-term improvements in joint, tendon, and muscle strength Sustained gut health and systemic support Results vary depending on condition, severity, and consistency of use
