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1 Introduction 1.1 Literature review methodology This review was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords Parkinsons disease, -synuclein, dopaminergic neurons, LRRK2, mitochondrial dysfunction, comorbidities, levodopa, and neuroinflammation. Studies published in English between 2000 and 2025 were included

Louandre C, Ezzoukhry Z, Godin C, Barbare J-C, Mazire J-C, Chauffert B, et al

& Shaevitz, J

This post will unpack the mechanism, summarize what the stronger studies say, offer clinical insights, andmost importantlywalk through what actually helps: reducing todays oxidative load, using low-dose chelation to address metals, and choosing folate therapeutics (leucovorin or 5-MTHF) when appropriate

Here are some of the most common inquiries we address to help researchers refine their protocols