gsh glutathione normal range distribution of concentration: (A) blood GSHt; (B) Frontiers | Glutathione and mitochondria

The arrows in the merged image (Fig

AEA), an endocannabinoidwhich results in an increase in AEA (Watanabe et al., 1996

Nature 526 , 448452 (2015)

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01162 Received 30 May 2018 Accepted 24 September 2018 Published 16 October 2018 Volume 9 - 2018 Edited by Andres Trostchansky, Universidad de la Repblica, Uruguay Reviewed by Suowen Xu, University of Rochester, United States

Microbial-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, tryptophan derivatives, including indoxyl sulfate (IS), indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and lipid derivatives, play a bridging role between the gut and host ( Figure 2 ) [39, 40]