Slowing ageing by design: The rise of NAD(+) and sirtuin-activating compounds
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiling Owing to structural modifications that extend its half-life, Cagrilintide is used to explore long-acting amylin analog properties and how these could influence receptor activation patterns over extended durations
Understanding Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III Detoxification Propofol Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent known for its rapid onset and short duration of action
Fenugreek Although fenugreek has traditionally been used to promote milk production, evidence supporting this benefit is mainly anecdotal and side effects such as maple syrup smell emitted from the mother's body, gassiness in the baby, or breast milk oversupply have been reported (National Library of Medicine 2020)
Acetaminophen in doses above 2g/day (saturates sulfation and glucuronidation, depletes glutathione catastrophically) R Alcohol (depletes glutathione, NAD+, SAM-e, and directly damages hepatocytes) R Charcoal-grilled meats (heterocyclic amines that undergo bioactivation via sulfation and acetylation, generating DNA-reactive intermediates) R Chronic NSAID use (competes for glucuronidation and amino acid conjugation pathways) Excess fructose (depletes ATP and drives uric acid production, impairing energy-dependent conjugation) R Glyphosate residues on non-organic produce (disrupts glycine metabolism and chelates manganese) R High-dose turmeric or quercetin without cycling (both inhibit SULT1A1 and can paradoxically impair sulfation at high sustained doses) R Processed foods with benzoate preservatives (benzoic acid consumes glycine through conjugation, depleting the glycine pool for other Phase II reactions) R Proton pump inhibitors chronically (reduce magnesium absorption, impair glucuronidation) R Testing These tests can help identify which conjugation pathways are impaired and what is contributing to the dysfunction
