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Once it enters the cytoplasm, a part of Cu + binds to glutathione (GSH) and is delivered to metallothionein 1/2 (MT1/2) to be restored, and other parts of Cu + are either transferred to the nucleus or ATP7A/7B located in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) by the chaperone antioxidant-1(ATOX1) to facilitate the synthesis of cuproenzymes (Lutsenko et al., 2007) or delivered to superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in the cytoplasm and mitochondrial intermembrane space by a copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Acknowledgements We thank Yale School Medicine, Yale West Campus, Systems Biology Institute and Cancer Biology Institute for the instrumentation supports
[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 12.Buhl R, Jaffe HA, Holroyd KJ, Wells FB, Mastrangli A, Cantin A, Saltini C, Cantin AM, Crystal RG
In particular, H 2 S, considered highly toxic, a poisonous gas with a typical odor of rotten eggs, is now classified among the endogenously produced gasotransmitters involved in many cell homeostatic processes as nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), each other interacting [44,45]
