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Methods of the Scoping Review A literature search was conducted in PubMed on 10 February 2023 according to the search terms shown in Table S1 and by applying language (only English) and time filters (from 1 January 2003)

[Updated 2023 May 19]

Gut Healing: Peptides such as LL-37 and GHK-Cu have been shown to improve gut health by reducing inflammation and improving gut barrier function

Always discuss potential side effects with your healthcare provider

Although, strictly speaking, a sodium concentration outside the range of 135-145 mmol/L denotes dysnatremia, clinically relevant hypo- or hypernatremia is mostly defined as a sodium concentration outside the extended normal range of 130-150 mmol/L [59]